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T a i w a n S p o r t i n g G o o d s M a n u f a c t u r e r s A s s o c i a t i o n
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produce the mobile physical-activity monitoring instrument
for a long period of time like Tritarac R3D and RT3 which
combines the sports data from vertical and horizontal and
transvers perspectives. They can measure more precisely
the levels in doing different physical activities. Gyroscope
detects the angular velocity of the object and often applied
in the researches of human body movement analysis and the
joint angles. Besides, it is further applied in the prevention
from running injuries. In use of gyroscope to observe the
changing movements of the feet during running, we take
these observations as the reference of fatigue and provide
runners information about the potential injuries because of
the irregularity of kinematical information (see Picture 2).
Picture 2: Gyroscope placed in the middle part of the feet
and proceed the foot movement analysis. (This picture is
from unpublished master thesis from Shih Yo (2010) who
grants permission of the usage)
The application of GPS is to track the moving distance
of the user while exercising. It can calculate the running
paths, moving speed, accumulated time and other
data. Through these data, it can exchange it into the
consuming calories and other sports information and
save all these records. The signals of GPS also can work
with accelerometer and provide more complete and
detailed information of physical activity consumption.
Over the development in these years, the intelligent
mobile phone mostly installed with accelerometer
and GPS, complying with suitable APP, they can
measure the physical activity consumption and sports
information. Moreover, they can give feedbacks and
increase the motivation of the user to exercise and
uplift the sense of participation.
Heart rate monitor is usually taken as the simple
indicator of the exercise intensity. Athletes often
use the ranges of heart rate to reach the training
intensity. The user shall put it inside of the chest
belt near the rib rim. And based on the changing
speed of cardio muscle potential, the heart rate can
be calculated. Then, via wireless transmission, the
heart rate is transmitted to the wrist watch. It will be
displayed and recorded (Picture 3). With regard to the
heart rate, now we can see that a heart-rate watch
can measure the heart rate while the user is doing
sports. And a photoreceptive sensor also can calculate
the heart rate by using infrared or green light to
detect the blood-vessels pulses of the limbs end. The
disadvantage is that the heart rate cannot distinguish
the low-level and middle-level physical activities.
Because of psychological pressure or the changing
body temperatures, both factors would have an
obvious effect on the heart rate. Besides, everyone at
the same heart rate does not have the same workload.
Thus, before calculating the consumed energy, the
individual heart rate shall be informed, that is, oxygen
consumption curve.