61 Taiwan Sporting Goods Manufacturers Association tional level, followed by verifying product carbon footprints to build carbon footprint information for specific products. It will become a critical aspect of carbon management for firms engaging in domestic and international trade and a key factor in enhancing data transparency. According to the principles of the CBAM regarding embedded carbon emissions on specific precursors, reducing reliance on generalized emission factors and utilizing suppliers’ actual carbon emission data for precursors will mean resolution enhancement on carbon emissions. Identifying emission hotspots of production processes for the Taiwanese sports goods manufacturing industry has positive implications. Direct and indirect emissions can be identified to ensure data comply with greenhouse gas reporting requirements and monitoring standards, making assessing potential carbon cost implications possible. Those evaluations are also crucial for determining the timeline for advancing a net-zero decarbonization pathway and proposing reduction measures decisions based on Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), such as discontinuing coal and heavy oil boilers, using energy-saving equipment, and installing solar facilities, etc. Suppose an industry is not a regulatory emitter with an average annual carbon emission exceeding 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent. In that case, further assessments can be made based on emission baseline data and mitigation timelines to consider applying for a ‘ Voluntary Emission Reduction Program ’ under Article 25 of the Climate Change Response Act. Not only can this achieve its own reduction targets, but it also allows for acquiring reduction credits (i.e., carbon credits) to subside the projects financially, offset increased GHG emissions from newly installed or modified emission sources, carbon neutrality, or sell to regulated entities for taxable emissions deduction. To encourage non-regulated emitters to reduce carbon emissions and expedite administrative procedures, the Ministry of Environment currently allows 10 of the 143 recognized methodologies in the ‘Voluntary Emission Reduction Program,’ such as replacing specific LED bulbs, chiller systems, and air compressors, to be exempt from the mandatory validation process. After approval of monitoring reports and application procedures, the Taiwan Climate Change Administration may directly issue reduction credits, ensuring incentives for stakeholders to participate in mitigation actions. Addressing the sports goods manufacturing industry’s operation strategies with comprehensive carbon cost management The Taiwanese sports goods manufacturing industry now faces a complex issue of carbon cost
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