54 2025 TSMA ‘emerging rules on carbon pricing and carbon border adjustments schemes in trade,’ ‘preparation from supply chain net-zero decarbonization to Scope 3 disclosures,’ ‘fulfilling transparency requirements by managing carbon footprints in the sports goods manufacturing industry,’ and ‘addressing the sports goods manufacturing industry’s operation strategies with comprehensive carbon cost management.’ This article aims to provide a comprehensive synthesis and recommendations, enabling enterprises to proactively respond to industrial development trends leading to 2050, thereby creating more growth-oriented opportunities for green business operations. The emerging rules on carbon pricing and carbon border adjustments schemes in trade Pursuing net-zero emissions by 2050 is a common goal by Parties under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Paris Agreement. With support from almost all nations, the target is to limit the temperature increase to less than 2°C above pre-industrial levels by the end of this century, collectively curbing greenhouse gas emissions and further pursuing the 1.5°C target for net-zero decarbonization. Under net-zero commitments, several countries implement carbon pricing schemes as a policy instrument to monetize carbon emissions, guiding main emitters to reduce emissions and enter the national decarbonization pathway. In terms of climate governance, if an industry and its products are in high demand on the international market (i.e., trade-intensive) and also have high embedded carbon emissions (i.e., high carbon emission intensity), then these emitters or their products could be considered as having a higher carbon leakage risk. Therefore, to prevent carbon leakage that could lead to industry relocation and import dumping, regulating domestic emitters through carbon pricing schemes or applying the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) is an optimal approach to balance the carbon price of imported products. Over seventy regions, countries, or local jurisdictions have implemented mandatory compliance carbon pricing systems, including carbon taxes (fees) or emissions trading schemes. Simultaneously, following years of carbon pricing scheme promotion, the European Union has entered the transition-
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