TSMA Yearbook 2019

74 2019 Yearbook amplitude is 3mm and the vibration frequency is 3-13Hz, the reaction force against the floor is from 0.05G to 0.91G. This is rather safer and will not increase the cardiovascular burden. Though the stimulus every time is rather less, it is still 2 or 6 times higher than the stimulus created by the active sports. The total stimulus amount produced by the vibra- tion device every time is far more than active speed walking, jogging and running. E. The effects and mechanism of vertical vibrations Vertical vibration can strengthen the muscle strength and jumping force, increase the joint stability and improve the sense of balance. The theory is to apply the tonic vibration reflex (TVR), to increase muscular tubules and the growth hormone which can boost the physical vitality and muscular strength. Besides, it can change the endocrine of the testos- terone to help muscles to grow and to get stronger muscles. Under the impacts of vibrations, when the muscles involuntarily contract, this phenom- enon is called tonic vibration reflex. Many studies indicates that through the vibration stimulating training, the nature of nerve muscles would be changed and muscle spindles would be activated and the inhibitory actions of Golgi tendon organs would be reduced so that muscle power and muscle flexibility would be also in a better condition. Vibrating training can also increase the vitality and contracting power of agonist and also better the coordination of antagonist so that extensor muscles and flexor muscles will not be devel- oped in an imbalanced way. The reason is that this imbalance will cause muscle strains or the sports professionals cannot make breakthroughs. Vertical vibrations can increase bone density and stimulate the mesenchymal stem cells. While receiving the mechanic stimulus, the mechanic messages are given to stimulate the mesenchymal stem cells. And this also change its ways of differentiation and moves toward the production of osteoblasts and restrict the paths of fat cells. When mesenchy- mal stem cells are stimulated by vibrations, osteoblasts would come to grow instead of fat cells. The number of osteoblasts will grow and then osteoporosis can be lessened or to delay its happening. While the fat cells decreases, the body weight will also go down to reach weight-lost effects. In addition, the hormones created by the vertical vibrations